If an explosion occurs in a projectile,which force acts on its centre of mass?

In the figure,two blocks $M$ and $m$ are tied together with an inextensible and light string. The mass $M$ is placed on a rough horizontal surface with coefficient of friction $\mu$ and the mass $m$ is hanging vertically against a smooth vertical wall. The pulley is frictionless. Imagine a situation in which the given arrangement is placed inside an elevator that can move only in the vertical direction and compare the situation with the case when it is placed on the ground. When the elevator accelerates downward with $a_0 (< g)$,then

$A$ hockey player is moving northward and suddenly turns westward with the same speed to avoid an opponent. The force that acts on the player is

Imagine a situation in which the horizontal surface of block $M_0$ is smooth and its vertical surface is rough with a coefficient of friction $\mu$. In the above problem,choose the correct value$(s)$ of $F$ for which the blocks $M$ and $m$ remain stationary with respect to $M_0$.

$A$ balloon of mass $M$ is descending at a constant acceleration $\alpha$. When a mass $m$ is released from the balloon,it starts rising with the same acceleration $\alpha$. Assuming that its volume does not change,what is the value of $m$?

$A$ box '$A$' is lying on the horizontal floor of the compartment of a train running along horizontal rails from left to right. At time '$t$',it decelerates. Then the reaction $R$ by the floor on the box is given best by